| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Santo Tomas Internment Camp ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Santo Tomas Internment Camp
Santo Tomas Internment Camp was the largest of several camps in the Philippines in which the Japanese interned enemy civilians, mostly Americans, in World War II. The campus of the University of Santo Tomas in Manila was utilized for the camp which housed more than 4,000 internees from January 1942 until February 1945. Conditions for the internees deteriorated during the war and by the time of the liberation of the camp by the U.S. Army many of the internees were near death from lack of food.
== Background ==
Japan attacked the Philippines on December 7, 1941 the same day as its raid on Pearl Harbor on the Asian side of the International Date Line. Despite several hours of anticipation that a Japanese attack was imminent, most of the American air force was caught on the ground and destroyed by Japanese bombers. On the same day, the Japanese invaded several locations in northern Luzon and advanced rapidly southward toward Manila, capital and largest city of the Philippines. The U.S. army, consisting of about 20,000 Americans and 80,000 Filipinos, retreated onto the Bataan Peninsula. On December 26, 1941, Manila was declared an open city and all American military forces abandoned the city leaving civilians behind. On January 2, 1942, Japanese forces entered and occupied Manila. They ordered all Americans and British to remain in their homes until they could be registered.〔Morton, Louis. ''U.S. Army in World War II: The War in the Pacific: The Fall of the Philippines. US Army in World War'', Chapters VIII-XIV. http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-P-PI/, accessed 5 Sep 2011〕 On January 5, the Japanese published a warning in the Manila newspapers. "Any one who inflicts, or attempts to inflict, an injury upon Japanese soldiers or individuals shall be shot to death." But if the assailant could not be found the Japanese "would hold ten influential persons as hostages."〔Morton, pp.237–238〕
The last American forces in the Philippines surrendered on May 6, 1942, except for a few men who took to the hills to initiate guerilla warfare against the Japanese occupiers. It was the worst defeat of the United States in World War II.〔Bell, Walter F. ''Philippines in World War Two, 1941–1945''. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1999, p. 1〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Santo Tomas Internment Camp」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|